Benefits of Aquatic Therapy
Pediatric physical and occupational therapy are primarily recognized as occurring within the home, in school or in a facility. However, therapy extends beyond these land-based environments and into the water which is known as aquatic therapy. Aquatic therapy can be a complement or an alternative to children who would benefit from physical or occupational therapy or are currently receiving services. It is not to be confused with swimming lessons, rather it is viewed as therapy performed in the water. Aquatic therapy occurs within a pool setting which can be found at some hospitals that offer aquatic therapy as a treatment, or it can take place at a local or private pool. The optimal environment is one in which the water is heated for therapeutic purposes. In all these settings, it is important to make sure that a licensed occupational or physical therapist with training in aquatic therapy is providing this service.
In an aquatic environment, water has unique properties that can be difficult to replicate on land including:
Buoyancy - The buoyancy of the water helps children to move in ways that they may not be able to move on land by reducing the amount pressure placed on the joints. It can also allow for greater flexibility of the body.
Hydrostatic pressure – Hydrostatic pressure helps reduce swelling, increases blood flow and circulation and decreases pain.
Thermodynamics –Thermodynamics involves the transfer of heat from the water which helps to relax muscles affected by tone or pain and makes them easier to stretch.
Viscosity – Viscosity provides resistance or assistance with movement of the body which can allow for strengthening with less stress on the joints.
There are a variety of benefits that can be addressed through aquatic therapy including:
balance
strength
flexibility
active range of motion of the upper and lower extremities
coordination
motor planning
body awareness
endurance
functional mobility
Many children, including infants, can benefit from aquatic therapy including, but not limited to, children with:
Developmental delays
Autism
Sensory processing challenges
Erb’s palsy/Brachial plexus injuries
Neuromotor disorders (Cerebral palsy, Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy, Spinal Muscular Atrophy)
Aquatic therapy can be a beneficial treatment modality; however not everyone is a candidate. If you are interested in finding out if this service is appropriate for your child, please contact us for a consult with your physical or occupational therapist.
Content provided by: Michelle Penso, MS, OTR/L, BCP